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Here are the tastingspoons players. I’m in the middle (Carolyn). Daughter Sara on the right, and daughter-in-law Karen on the left. I started the blog in 2007, as a way to share recipes with my family. I’m still doing 99% of the blogging and holding out hope that these two lovely and excellent cooks will participate. They both lead very busy lives, so we’ll see.

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BOOK READING (from Carolyn):

Music of Bees, Eileen Garvin. Absolutely charming book about a woman in midlife, lonely, who raises bees, also makes unlikely friends. Heart-warming and very interesting about beekeeping.

A Postcard from Paris, Alex Brown. Really cute story. Dual time line, 1940s and present day about renovating an old apartment in Paris, things discovered.

Time of the Child, Niall Williams. Oh such a good book. Very small village in Ireland, 1960s. A baby is left on the doorstep. The town all whispers and helps. I listened to an interview of the author, which made me like him and his books even more.

Sipsworth, Simon Van Booy. If you like animals you’ll swoon. An old woman who really wants to die finds a tiny mouse in her house and befriends it and finds a reason to live. Utterly charming book.

The Forger’s Spell, Edward Dolnick. True story. For seven years a no-account painter named Han van Meegeren managed to pass off his paintings as those of Johannes Vermeer.

If You Lived Here, You’d be Home by Now, Christopher Ingraham. Could hardly put it down – about a journalist who takes on a challenge to move to small town in Minnesota and write about it. He expects to hate it and the people and place, but he doesn’t. Absolutely wonderful true story.

The River We Remember, William Kent Kreuger. 1950s, Minnesota. A murder and the aftermath. Could hardly put it down. Kreuger has such a vivid imagination and writing style.

How the Lights Gets In, Joyce Maynard. An older woman returns to New Hampshire to help care for her brain-injured son. Siblings and family, lots of angst and resentments.

The Filling Station, Vanessa Miller. Every American should read this book. A novelized retelling of the Tulsa massacre in 1921. Absolutely riveting.

The Story She Left Behind, Patti Callahan Henry. Love this author. Based on a true story. A famous author simply vanishes, leaving her husband and daughter behind. She had invented a mystical language no one could translate. Present day, someone thinks he’s solved the riddle, contacts the family. Really interesting read.

The Girl from Berlin, Ronald Balson. Love anything about Tuscany. An elderly woman is being evicted from a villa there, with odd deed provenance. Two young folks go there to help unravel the mystery. Loved it.

The Island of the Colorblind, Oliver Sacks, M.D. Nonfiction. The dr is intrigued by a remote Pacific island where most of the inhabitants are colorblind. He also unravels a mystery on Guam of people born with a strange neurological problem. Medical mysteries unveiled. Very interesting.

The Bookbinder, Pip Williams. Post 1914 London. Two sisters work at a bookbindery. They’re told to not read the books. One does and one doesn’t. One has visions beyond her narrow world; the other does not. Eventually the one gets into Oxford. Lovely story.

The Paris Express, Emma Donoghue. 1895 on a train to Paris, a disaster happens. You’ll delve into the lives of many people who survived and died in the crash.

A Race to the Bottom of Crazy, Richard Grant. This is about Arizona. Author, wife and child move back to Arizona where they once lived. Part memoir, research, and reporting in a quest to understand what makes Arizona such a confounding and irresistible place.

The Scarlet Thread, Francine Rivers. A woman’s life turned upside down when she discovers the handcrafted quilt and journal of her ancestor Mary Kathryn McMurray, a young woman who was uprooted from her home only to endure harsh frontier conditions on the Oregon Trail.

A Place to Hide, Ronald Balson. 1939 Amsterdam, an ambassador has the ability to save the lives of many Jewish children. Heartwarming.

Homeseeking, Karissa Chen. Two young Chinese teens are deeply in love, but in China. Then their families are separated. Jump to current day and the two meet again in Los Angeles.

North River, Pete Hammill. He always writes such a good story. A doctor works diligently healing people from all walks of life. His wife and daughter left him years before. One day his 3-yr old grandson arrives on his doorstep.

A Very Typical Family, Sierra Godfrey. A very messed-up family. Three adult children are given a home in Santa Cruz, Calif, but only if the siblings meet up and live in the house together. A very untypical scenario but makes for lots of messes.

Three Days in June, Anne Tyler. The usual Anne Tyler grit. Family angst. This wasn’t one of my favorites, but it was entertaining and very short.

Saved, Benjamin Hall. Author is a veteran war reporter. Ukraine, 2022, he nearly loses his life to a Russian strike. Riveting story – he survives, barely.

Grey Wolf, Louise Penny. Another Inspector Gamache mystery in Quebec. She is such an incredible mystery writer.

All the Colors of the Dark, Chris Whitaker. A missing person mystery, a serial killer thriller, a love story, a unique twist on each. Could hardly put it down.

Orbital, Samantha Harvey. Winner of 2024 Booker Prize. I don’t usually like those, but I heard the author interviewed and she hooked me. This is not a normal book with a beginning, a story and an end. It’s several chapters of the day in the life of various astronauts at the ISS (Int’l Space Station). All fictional. She’s been praised by several real astronauts for “getting it” about space station everyday life.

The Blue Hour, Paula Hawkins. An island off Scotland. Inaccessible except when the tide is out. Weird goings on. An artist. A present day mystery too.

Iron Lake, William Kent Krueger. A judge is murdered and a boy is missing. Riveting mystery.

Tell the Wolves I’m Home, Carol Ricks Brunt. 1980s. A 14-yr old girl loses her beloved uncle. Yet a new friendship arises, someone she never knew about.

Four Treasures of the Sky, Jenny Zhang. 1880s, a young girl is kidnapped in China and brought to the United States. She survives with many hurdles in the path.

The Boy Who Fell out of the Sky, Ken Dornstein. Memoir, 1988. The author’s brother died in the PanAm flight that went down in Lockerbie, Scotland. A decade later he tries to solve “the riddle of his older brother’s life.”

Worse Care Scenario, T.J. Newman. Oh my. Interesting analysis of what could/might happen if a jet crashed into a nuclear plant. Un-put-downable.

Song of the Lark, Willa Cather. Complicated weave of a story about a young woman in about 1900, who has a gifted voice (singing) and about her journey to success, not without its ups and downs.

Crow Talk, Eileen Garvin. Charming story which takes place at a remote lake in Washington State, about a few people who inhabit it, the friendships made, but also revolving around the rescue of a baby crow.

The Story Collector, Evie Woods. Sweet story about some dark secrets from an area in Ireland, a bit magical, faerie life, but solving a mystery too.

A Sea of Unspoken Things, Adrienne Young. A woman investigates her twin brother’s mysterious death. She goes to a small town in California to figure it out, to figure HIM out.

The King’s Messenger, Susanna Kearsley. 1600s England, King James. About one of his trusted “messengers,” and his relationship with a young woman also of “the court.” Lots of intrigue.

In the Shadow of the Greenbrier, Emily Matchar. Interesting mystery in/around the area of the famous resort in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia.

Isola, Allegra Goodman. Hard to describe, survival story on an island in the 1600s.

Save the Date, Allison Raskin. Rom-com, witty, LOL funny. Clever.

The Sirens, Emilia Hart. Numerous time-lines, Australia. Mysteries abound, nightmares, abandoned baby, weird allergies.

Red Clay, Charles Fancher. LOVED this book. Mostly post-Civil War story about the lives of slaves in Alabama during Reconstruction.

Stars in an Italian Sky, Jill Santopolo. Dual time line, 1946 and recent time. Love stories and a mystery.

Battle Mountain, C.J. Box. Another one of Box’s riveting mysteries. Love his descriptions of the land.

Something Beautiful Happened, Yvette Corporon. A memoir of sorts in Greece, tiny island of Erikousa, where the locals hid Jews during WWII. All elusive stories told by the author’s grandmother.

The Jackal’s Mistress, Chris Bohjalian. 1860s Virginia, about a woman who saves the life of a Union soldier. Really good story.

Song of the Magpie, Louise Mayberry. Really interesting story about Australia back in the days when it was mostly a penal colony. Gritty strength of a woman trying to thrive with her farm.

The Boomerang, Robert Bailey. A thriller that will have you gripping the book. About a lot of secrets surrounding the president (fictional novel, remember) and his chief of staff and about cancer. A cure. Such a good story.

Care and Feeding, Laurie Woolever. Really interesting memoir of a woman driven to succeed in the restaurant business. She worked for Mario Batali and then Anthony Bourdain. Gritty stories.

Everything is Tuberculosis, John Green. Maybe not a book for everyone. A real deep dive into the deadly tuberculosis infection, its history. I heard the author interviewed and found the book very interesting.

The Book Lovers Library, Madeline Martin. Fascinating read about Boots’ drug stores’ lending library. And the people who worked in them.

The Arrivals, Meg Mitchell Moore. LOL funny, about a middle-aged couple whose children (and their various family members) return to the family home and the chaos that ensues.

My Life as a Silent Movie, Jesse Lee Kercheval. About grief. A big move to Paris, finding herself a new life with a new set of real blood family.

Escape, Carolyn Jessop. Another memoir about a woman really in bondage in Utah, Mormon plural marriage.

 

Tasting Spoons

My blog's namesake - small, old and some very dented engraved silver plated tea spoons that belonged to my mother-in-law, and I use them to taste my food as I'm cooking.

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Posted in Salads, Veggies/sides, on November 4th, 2011.

sauteed_eggplant_salad

When you go shopping, do you always know exactly what you’re going to do with the veggies you buy? Sometimes I do, but oftentimes I have no plans, other than knowing we haven’t had [insert vegetable name here!] in awhile and I’ll make something with it. That was the case here, with 2 beautiful small globe eggplants in my refrigerator. As I’m writing this, I’m remembering that last night we went out to dinner to a local Italian restaurant and I ordered a grilled vegetable salad (small) for my entrée. It contained green and yellow squash in microscopic thin slices and two thin rounds of eggplant. And the eggplant didn’t look like it had been grilled, but perhaps it had. It was very disappointing. I was expecting some red bell peppers, some onions maybe, or even some fennel. None of those. Just zucchini and eggplant.

eggplant_globeBut, I digress. My DH is crazy about eggplant parmesan, and when we go out to dinner and it’s on a restaurant menu, he’ll very often order it. I like it too, but I know (as a cook we know these things, right?) that eggplant parmesan is usually just loaded in fat/oil because of frying the eggplant. I don’t think restaurant chefs are at all cautious about how much oil they use – and eggplant is a particularly “bad” vegetable for soaking up anything you put it in – like oil! So, when I decided to make this salad or side veggie, I tried to be very aware of how much oil I was using. And I probably did use about 4 T. Maybe a bit more. And that’s a lot, although this made enough to serve about 6 people, probably. So maybe it wasn’t all that bad after all. But I ate a lot of it – so that negates my theory! I’ve also taken the leftovers out of the refrigerator and eaten this as a snack. It was really good, obviously, if I’d do that!

So what did I do? Using a Frugal Gourmet recipe as my starting point, I followed some of his suggestions, but then I veered off and did my own thing. I salted the eggplant and let it sit for half an hour or so while I got the rest of our dinner ready. Then, I rinsed it off and dried the slices on towels (don’t use terrycloth or lint will stick to the eggplant – use a dishtowel type or paper towels). Using a large, flat nonstick skillet, I poured in about a T. of grapeseed oil (that’s my oil of choice for cooking) and sautéed the eggplant on both sides, adding another T. of oil when I turned them over. Place them on paper towels when you’re done to soak up a bit of the excess oil, if there is any. I didn’t really have much, so I put them directly onto a serving platter.

Meanwhile, I mixed up some Greek nonfat yogurt, mashed garlic, lime juice, some crushed oregano, salt and pepper and kept adding lime juice until it tasted “right,” then let it sit until the eggplant was done. If you have time, mix this up ahead of time so the garlic will permeate all of the sauce. I spread the eggplant all over the serving plate and spooned the sauce on each piece, then garnished with some fresh mint from my garden. It was very pretty, I thought. I served it just barely warm. It also is good cold. I layered the pieces into a refrigerator container and after they’d chilled, they actually can be removed fairly easily and the plate recreated, which I did a couple of nights later. As leftovers, the yogurt mixture (already spread on the eggplant) had turned a kind of icky brownish color. I suppose it absorbed some of color from the eggplant skin. Next time I’d keep the topping separate and replenish it as leftovers. Or maybe the best thing is to eat it all up in the first sitting!

What I liked: the flavor was delicious, even leftover it was still delicious. The topping is also good with the garlic and mint and lime juice. I liked it all lot.

What I didn’t like: just keep the topping separate if you think you’ll have leftovers as the topping looks unappealing after a couple of days residing in the refrigerator. Be careful about adding too much oil when you sauté it – it will soak up whatever you pour around it!

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Sauteed Eggplant Salad

Recipe By: My own concoction, but loosely based on a recipe from The Frugal Gourmet, Jeff Smith
Serving Size: 6
NOTES: If you have leftovers, scrape off the topping and refrigerate separately. It absorbs the purple/brown cast from the eggplant skin.

1 pound eggplant
1/3 cup grapeseed oil — or olive oil (approximately)
1 cup fat-free Greek yogurt
1/4 teaspoon dried oregano — crushed
1 clove garlic — mashed
1 tablespoon lime juice — freshly squeezed
Salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste
2 tablespoons fresh mint — minced, for garnish

1. Cut the eggplant in half, then slice each half into 1/4 inch planks. Lay them on a baking sheet and sprinkle both sides with salt. Set aside for about 30 minutes.
2. Rinse eggplant slices in water and dry on both sides with towels or paper towels.
3. Heat a large saute pan to medium-high and add oil. Heat until oil shimmers, then saute eggplant slices (in 2-3 batches) in the oil until golden brown on both sides and just barely cooked through. Add more oil to the pan as needed. Taste eggplant to make sure you’re not over or under cooking them. Drain on paper towels.
4. Remove slices to a platter and overlap the slices slightly.
5. Meanwhile, prepare topping: combine yogurt, garlic, salt, pepper, oregano and lime juice. Stir well, then spoon the sauce on top of the cooled eggplant. You may serve the eggplant immediately, or cover and chill. Garnish with fresh mint.
Per Serving: 125 Calories; 12g Fat (84.5% calories from fat); 1g Protein; 4g Carbohydrate; 2g Dietary Fiber; 0mg Cholesterol; 3mg Sodium.

Posted in Appetizers, on November 4th, 2011.

salmon_pillows

Actually, I didn’t make these. Tarla Fallgatter made them at the cooking class here at my house atrader_joes_puff_pastry week or so ago. They looked incredibly easy, really. She did, however, make them with smoked salmon (so you don’t even have to cook the salmon since it’s smoked-cooked). But I liked these well enough that I might even try them with regular salmon. However, I think you’d need to cook the salmon before making up the filling. In either case, though, they looked very easy to put together. Yes, it’s done with puff pastry. Trader Joe’s sells it in flat boxes and you just need to defrost it well before starting on this. salmon_pillow_collageSee photo at right. It’s an 18-ounce package.

The filling is a mixture of the salmon, some goat cheese, chives, a tiny bit of egg and a little bit of cream. See, I told you it was easy. The remaining egg  is gently brushed on top of each of the little pillows.

You roll out the the puff pastry to a 12-inch square. Tarla’s instructions said she put 9 little mounds of salmon, but I see from the photo that initially she made 12. I think she removed 3 and made it 9 (see 2nd and 3rd photos). I was busy taking pictures and didn’t see her do that.

After folding over the one side of the pastry, she gently pressed her fingers around each filling mound. She cut them with a rounded-edged cutter. I don’t have blunt-edged pastry cutters, but she said a small glass would work – someone else suggested a shot glass. Yes, those would work just fine.

Once the pillows were cut out and placed on a pastry-lined baking sheet, she poked each one in the top (for steam to escape), then brushed them just on the top (not down the sides) with egg yolk. It’s important to NOT let any of the egg glaze go over the sides as that will prevent the pillow from rising properly. Tarla didn’t chill them, but the instructions say to chill for awhile before baking. Do let them cool for 5-10 minutes before serving so people don’t burn their mouths! But do serve them warm.

What I liked: very tasty – full of taste, actually. And as long as you have all the ingredients, they’re quite easy to make. It’s not like you have to make the puff pastry – just buy it. They make a very elegant appetizer.

What I didn’t like: although I liked the smoked salmon, I think maybe the regular salmon would be even better, but that’s just my personal taste.

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Smoked Salmon Pillows

Recipe By: Tarla Fallgatter, from a cooking class
Serving Size: 18
NOTES: When these were demonstrated, Tarla used smoked salmon from Trader Joe’s. And it was good, but I think I’d try it with some just barely cooked regular salmon instead. The recipe makes 18 of these little pillows, enough for two per person. You won’t use all the puff pastry – so the calorie count is off significantly. Once you’ve cut out the pillows you throw away what’s left over – about a third of it.

18 ounces puff pastry — Trader Joe’s, frozen
2 ounces goat cheese — softened to room temp
2 ounces smoked salmon — or use some flaked cooked regular salmon
1 tablespoon fresh chives — minced
1 1/2 teaspoons heavy cream
1 whole egg — lightly beaten

1. FILLING: In a small bowl combine the goat cheese, salmon, chives, cream and 1 1/2 tsp. of the beaten egg. Add a tsp. of water to the remaining egg and reserve for glazing the top of the pastry.
2. PASTRY: Unfold pastry sheet and roll it out to a 12-inch square. Cut the square in half. On one sheet mark off three 2-inch wide columns and three 2-inch wide rows (making 9 small squares) using a knife of tines of a fork. Do NOT puncture through the pastry – you’re just marking spots to put the filling. Place a rounded teaspoon of filling in the center of each square. Gently fold 2nd pastry sheet on top and press down lightly between the rows and columns for form little pillows. Press down just enough to see the mounds of filling.
3. Using a round glass (something with rounded edges like a shot glass, not sharp like cookie or pastry cutters), cut each pillow through, placing even pressure on all sides. Place each pillow on a parchment lined baking sheet. Using a pastry brush, brush the top ONLY of each pastry pillow with the remaining egg glaze. Do not allow the egg mixture to drizzle down the sides as that will prevent the sides from rising properly when baking. As you place the pillows on the baking sheet gently press the edges together to seal. Cover the tray with plastic wrap and chill for a few hours.
4. Preheat oven to 425°. Arrange the rack in the center of the oven. Poke a small hole in the center of each pillow to allow steam to escape. Place pillows on a clean (not chilled) parchment-lined baking sheet (NOT the one you used to chill them) and bake until crisp, puffed and golden, about 12 minutes. Remove and allow to cool on the pans for 5 minutes. Transfer pillows to a rack to crisp slightly. Serve while warm.
Per Pillow (this is way too high because you end up discarding at least a third of the puff pastry): 180 Calories; 12g Fat (62.5% calories from fat); 4g Protein; 13g Carbohydrate; trace Dietary Fiber; 16mg Cholesterol; 110mg Sodium.

Posted in Soups, on November 2nd, 2011.

potato_fennel_soup

To tell you the truth, a potato-based soup isn’t one of my favorite things. Not that I don’t like potatoes. I do. But I don’t eat them all that much. I actually try not to eat them. And potato soup sometimes is so bland that I’d just as soon not have it. It’s like a waste of calories for me. So, I wasn’t expecting great things from this soup, made by Tarla Fallgatter, at a recent cooking class. And, in fact, when I had it just after it was made, I was under-whelmed. But because the class was held at my house, I got to keep the leftovers. This bowl shown above resided in the refrigerator for 2 days and I heated it up for my lunch. And it was really, really good. Good enough that I decided you should have the recipe. And good enough that perhaps I’ll make it one day soon on a coolish Fall day.

The soup is very simple to make. Really. It’s just apples, fennel, leeks and potatoes, almost in equal quantities, with some parsley, chicken stock, a little splash of cream, salt, pepper and butter. See? Easy. You do puree the soup in a food processor, and it’s nice if you have a little bit of reserved fennel fronds, plus a couple little chunks of fennel and apple to sprinkle on top. That’s it. Delicious. Hearty.

What I liked: comfort food. Easy to make. Do make it a day ahead, however. Remember that part.

What I didn’t like: nothing really. Flavors are subtle, perhaps, but that’s not really a detriment.

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Potato, Apple, Leek and Fennel Soup

Recipe By: Tarla Fallgatter, from a cooking class
Serving Size: 6

2 tablespoons unsalted butter
3 whole Granny Smith apples — peeled, cored and diced
2 whole fennel bulbs — finely diced (reserve some leaves for garnish)
3 cups leeks — sliced
3 pounds red potatoes — small, peeled, diced
1/2 cup Italian parsley — coarsely chopped
6 cups chicken stock
1/2 cup heavy cream
Salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste

1. Heat half the butter in a saute pan and add 3 T. of apple and fennel to the pan. Cook just until done, then set aside for garnish.
2. Heat remaining butter in a saute pan and add leeks, remaining apple and fennel. Cover the vegetables with a round (cut to fit) of parchment paper. Cook for about 10 minutes, stirring once. Do not brown this mixture, so watch the flame or heat level.
3. Remove parchment (and discard) and add potatoes, chicken stock and parsley. Cook until potatoes are tender, about 30-40 minutes, adding more stock if necessary.
4. Puree the soup in a food processor and return the soup to the pan. Add cream, salt and pepper to taste and bring to a simmer. (Ideally, make this point one day ahead to allow flavors to blend.) Divide the hot soup between 6 bowls and garnish each with some of the reserved fennel-apple mixture and fresh fennel fronds.
Per Serving: 388 Calories; 12g Fat (27.6% calories from fat); 8g Protein; 63g Carbohydrate; 8g Dietary Fiber; 38mg Cholesterol; 2222mg Sodium.

Posted in Desserts, on November 1st, 2011.

pumpkin_spice_gingerbread_trifle

Yesterday I posted the recipe for the gingerbread cake I used in this dessert. I’d made it a couple of days ahead of time since the recipe indicated it would keep for several days sitting at room temp. I like those kinds of recipes! My friend Cherrie was having a luncheon and I offered to bring something. Since she doesn’t much like making desserts, that’s what she asked for. She gave me an idea about the menu, and even suggested something pumpkin would fit well. Sure thing, I said!

I could have made pumpkin pie, but we’ll have our fill of that in a few weeks, so I wanted to make something a bit more interesting than that. Then I came upon Paula Deen’s recipe for this trifle. It was relatively easy to make and sounded wonderful. But then, I’m a real sucker when it comes to anything pumpkin. Am sure I’ve mentioned here before than pumpkin pie is my very favorite pie anytime.

Soooo, here’s what I did. Paula’s recipe called for two boxes of gingerbread mix. I could have gone that route, but I hoped maybe I’d have some leftover gingerbread if I made my own. But that was the dilemma. My last foray into gingerbread left me disappointed. But I turned to Cook’s Illustrated, and used their recipe. It was/is a real winner.

birds_dessert_powderPaula’s recipe calls for using boxed, cooked vanilla pudding. I’m not much of a fan of those boxes, at least not Jell-O brand, but I had some Bird’s Dessert Powder on my shelf. That’s it there on the right. It’s a British product, but you can find it here in the U.S. in some major grocery stores (in the international section). I always keep it on hand, as I think their powder (mix) makes a very good tasting custard pudding.

So I made up a mixture of the Bird’s (about 2 1/2 cups worth), and mixed in the spice (cardamom) and pumpkin pie filling. That was the pudding layer, although with the pumpkin mixed in, it didn’t really jell-up like a pudding – that was fine since you want it to be loose so it’ll soak into the gingerbread a bit. Then I used Cool-Whip. The recipe called for 12 ounces, but I think they may not make that size anymore, so I used a full 16 ounces in the trifle you see pictured at top.

Paula’s recipe called for added brown sugar, but I thought it was sweet enough without it, so I did alter her recipe some. You layer the gingerbread, pumpkin custard, and the Cool-Whip. Save some of the Cool-Whip for the top, then JUST before serving I sprinkled the top (and each serving if it came from down deep in the bowl) with some crushed-up ginger snaps. They added a really nice crunch to the dessert.

What I liked: how easy the dessert is to put together – as long as you have everything ready and at hand. Make the gingerbread ahead. Make the custard/pumpkin mixture ahead, then it’s a snap to layer everything. Delicious. Soft, comforting food. Love the crunch on the top from the gingersnaps.

What I didn’t like: About the only thing I’d change is I might try it with real whipped cream. In that case you’d need to make it and serve it within an hour or so. Whipped cream, the real stuff, doesn’t hold up for days on end.

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Pumpkin Gingerbread Trifle

Recipe By: Adapted from Paula Deen, Food Network
Serving Size: 10
NOTES: For the pudding layer I used Bird’s Dessert Powder (a mix) from Britain. You can find it at some grocery stores that have an international section. Bird’s makes the best close-to-ready-made cook and serve custard pudding. The crumbled gingersnaps are a real nice addition – it gives this soft cake-and-pudding mixture some good texture. Add it at the end – just before serving. If added earlier, they will get soft. As you serve the trifle some of the servings from the bottom won’t have any of the gingersnap topping, so leave some to sprinkle on those portions. You want every serving to have some of the gingersnaps.

28 ounces gingerbread mix — (2 14-oz packages)
2 1/2 cups Bird’s Dessert Mix — cook and serve (see Notes)
30 ounces pumpkin pie filling — (not pumpkin puree)
1/3 teaspoon ground cardamom — or ground cinnamon
16 ounces Cool Whip®
1/2 cup gingersnaps — crushed, optional garnish

1. Bake the gingerbread according to the package directions; cool completely. Or, make your own gingerbread. Or buy ready-made gingerbread. You’ll need about 5 cups of crumbled gingerbread (that’s a guess).
2. Meanwhile, prepare the custard and set aside to cool. Stir in the pumpkin pie filling and cardamom to the pudding. Refrigerate until ready to assembly trifle.
3. Crumble in bite-sized pieces 1/3 of gingerbread into the bottom of a large, pretty bowl. Press it down slightly. Pour 1/2 of the pudding mixture over the gingerbread, then add a layer of Cool Whip, spreading out to the edges as neatly as possible. Repeat with the remaining gingerbread, pudding, and whipped topping. Then add another layer of gingerbread, and cover top with whipped topping.
4. Sprinkle top with crushed gingersnaps, if desired. Can be served immediately, or refrigerate overnight. Trifle can be layered in a punch bowl or any other kind of bowl. Add gingersnap crumbs to servings that come from deep in the bowl since they won’t have any.
Per Serving: 685 Calories; 23g Fat (30.0% calories from fat); 7g Protein; 112g Carbohydrate; 9g Dietary Fiber; 0mg Cholesterol; 787mg Sodium.

Posted in Desserts, on October 31st, 2011.

classic_gingerbread_cake

Oh, I’m in love with this new recipe. I knew I wasn’t very happy with my last batch of gingerbread. That was probably 3-4 years ago, and I’d not made it since because that last time the cake was just too firm and dry. I think I bought some from Whole Foods a couple of years ago because somebody told me theirs was really delicious. And yes, it was, but I knew I could figure out how to make it better. Indeed!

All I had to do was go to my trusty Cook’s Illustrated site. I have an online membership, so I can look up their recipes anytime. It’s an annual fee, though, so I try to use it frequently, to make it pay for itself! As usual, when the chefs at Cook’s Illustrated put their heads together, they figure out how to make the problems go away. Here’s what they had to say on the header notes about this recipe:

Ground ginger, grated fresh ginger, cinnamon, and ground pepper ensured our gingerbread recipe tasted like ginger. Dark stout, heated to minimize its booziness, added a bittersweet flavor to our gingerbread, and replacing butter with vegetable oil allowed the ginger flavor to shine. To keep our gingerbread recipe from sinking in the middle, we incorporated the baking soda with the wet ingredients and roughed up some of the batter to strengthen the flour, giving our gingerbread a more sturdy texture while maintaining its moistness.

Now, around our house, we don’t even keep beer on hand, let alone Guinness stout! So my DH went to the store for me and ended up buying one honkin’ bottle of stout, about half of which got thrown out. But, oh well. I don’t like the stuff, and neither does he. There isn’t anything all that unusual about the recipe other than the combining of ingredients in a certain order AND the gentle rapping of the batter on the counter (to burst air bubbles in the batter) before baking. All of the steps created a wonderful cake. The pilgrims would be proud!

Actually, I made this cake to use the gingerbread in a trifle – a pumpkin gingerbread trifle. That recipe will be up tomorrow. It was fantastic, I must say.

What I liked: the texture (soft and tender); the taste (spicy with a bit of heat); the height (higher than some); the staying power (kept for about 5 days sitting on the counter, sealed up in a plastic bag). And the fact that there was no sinking in the middle. None!

What I didn’t like: gosh, nothing. I’ll be making this recipe again. And again.

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Classic Gingerbread

Recipe By: Cook’s Illustrated website
Serving Size: 10
NOTES: This cake packs potent, yet well-balanced, fragrant, spicy heat. If you are particularly sensitive to spice, you can decrease the amount of dried ginger to 1 tablespoon. Guinness is the test kitchen’s favorite brand of stout. Avoid opening the oven door until the minimum baking time has elapsed. If your cake pan has thin walls, you might want to wrap it with pre-made cake strips or make your own from cheesecloth and foil. This extra insulation will help ensure that the edges of the cake don’t overbake. Serve the gingerbread plain or with lightly sweetened whipped cream. Leftovers can be wrapped in plastic wrap and stored at room temperature for 2 days.

3/4 cup Guinness stout
1/2 teaspoon baking soda
2/3 cup mild molasses
3/4 cup light brown sugar — (5 1/4 ounces) packed
1/4 cup granulated sugar — (1 3/4 ounces)
1 1/2 cups all-purpose flour — (7 1/2 ounces) plus extra for dusting pan
2 tablespoons ground ginger — (or less if you’re sensitive to the heat)
1/2 teaspoon baking powder
1/2 teaspoon table salt
1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon
1/4 teaspoon black pepper — finely ground
2 large eggs
1/3 cup vegetable oil
1 tablespoon fresh ginger — finely grated

1. Adjust oven rack to middle position and heat oven to 350 degrees. Grease and flour 8-inch square baking pan.
2. Bring stout to boil in medium saucepan over medium heat, stirring occasionally. Remove from heat and stir in baking soda (mixture will foam vigorously). When foaming subsides, stir in molasses, brown sugar, and granulated sugar until dissolved; set mixture aside. Whisk flour, ground ginger, baking powder, salt, cinnamon, and pepper together in large bowl; set aside.
3. Transfer stout mixture to large bowl. Whisk in eggs, oil, and grated ginger until combined. Whisk wet mixture into flour mixture in thirds, stirring vigorously until completely smooth after each addition.
4. Transfer batter to prepared pan and gently tap pan against counter 3 or 4 times to dislodge any large air bubbles. Bake until top of cake is just firm to touch and toothpick inserted into center comes out clean, 35 to 45 minutes. Cool cake in pan on wire rack, about 11/2 hours. Cut into squares and serve warm or at room temperature.
Per Serving: 270 Calories; 9g Fat (28.0% calories from fat); 3g Protein; 46g Carbohydrate; 1g Dietary Fiber; 42mg Cholesterol; 231mg Sodium.

Posted in Fish, Salads, on October 29th, 2011.

nicoise_chopped_salad_shrimp

People in lots of places in the Northern Hemisphere are already experiencing much cooler weather, like it’s fall, of course. But in Southern California, uh, no. No fall. No cooling temps. The hottest part of our summer usually is in September and October. I sort-of have a date-goal, that by about Halloween our weather has begun to cool down, at least at night. But until then, it’s still lots of sunshine, no rain, and plenty of air conditioning going on in my house.

So, summer salads are still on my dinner menus, maybe twice a week, and on menus at most restaurants. Here in California, salads are on the menu at restaurants year ‘round. Which is why I went to a Phillis Carey cooking class recently that was all about salads. Main dish salads. And they were, each one, delicious. Worth making. Like this one.

She took some of the usual ingredients of a Nicoise salad (potatoes, Kalamata olives, green beans, hard boiled eggs) but instead of tuna (canned tuna if you’re eating it in France, maybe seared ahi if you’re having it here in California), which is the usual protein in a Nicoise, she used big, gorgeous shrimp. What a great concept. Then she paired it with a mustardy lemon olive oil dressing. Do use fresh lemon juice in the dressing – and add more if it isn’t lemony enough. That’s an essential flavor.

What I liked: absolutely everything about it. Even down to the capers on top of the egg. Loved the dressing too.

What I didn’t like: nothing. Deliciousness in every bite.

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Chopped Nicoise-Style Salad with Grilled Shrimp

Recipe By: Another great recipe from Phillis Carey, 7/2011
Serving Size: 4

MUSTARD-CAPER DRESSING:
6 tablespoons fresh lemon juice
1 tablespoon capers — chopped
2 teaspoons Dijon mustard
3/4 cup extra virgin olive oil
Salt and pepper to taste
SALAD:
1 pound shrimp — large, cleaned, but with tails left on
1/2 pound red potatoes — cut 1/2″ cubes
1/2 pound green beans — trimmed
1/2 cup kalamata olives — pitted, chopped
1/2 cup red onion — diced (soaked in water with 2 T. red wine vinegar added)
2 cups plum tomatoes — seeded, diced
6 cups Romaine lettuce — finely chopped (or other crispy type lettuce)
2 whole eggs — hard-cooked, halved lengthwise
12 whole capers

1. Roast the potato chunks on a sheet pan for 25 minutes at 425°. Remove, cool and refrigerate if time permits.
2. Whisk together the dressing ingredients. Remove 1/3 cup to a separate bowl and toss the shrimp in it. Cover shrimp and refrigerate for about 30 minutes. Refrigerate remaining dressing until time to assemble the salad.
3. Steam the green beans for about 6 minutes and when barely done, plunge into ice water, then drain. Refrigerate if time permits.
4. In a small bowl add chopped onion. Add water to cover and add about 2 T. red wine vinegar. Stir and allow to sit for 30 minutes (to reduce the raw onion flavor).
5. Thread shrimp on bamboo skewers that have been soaked in water for about 30 minutes. Discard the marinade/dressing. Grill shrimp 3-4 minutes per side; remove from skewers and toss them with just a little bit of additional dressing.
6. To assemble salad, place olives, onion, tomato and lettuce in a large bowl. Add potatoes and green beans and toss. Add reserved dressing and toss to coat well. Divide salad among 4 plates and place half an egg in the center. Top each egg with 3 capers (push each gently into the yolk so they will stay put). Arrange shrimp around the egg. Serve.
Per Serving: 712 Calories; 53g Fat (67.6% calories from fat); 31g Protein; 27g Carbohydrate; 6g Dietary Fiber; 279mg Cholesterol; 1677mg Sodium.

Posted in Miscellaneous, on October 27th, 2011.

comeback_sauce

It was just a few weeks ago – I was a real neophyte when it comes to Comeback Sauce. So much a neophyte that I’m like a dummy falling off an okra truck, if you get my drift. In other words, I’d never even HEARD of it. My ears perked up at the phrase. Actually, I was watching the Nate Berkus Show, and he had two of the stars on his show from The Help, and they did a cooking segment with Aaron McCargo, Jr. of the Food Network. Aaron had made a sauce and one of the guests said “oh, it’s something like Comeback Sauce.” Huh?

So, within half an hour I’d gone online and researched all about the stuff. What it is, is a cross between a remoulade sauce and Thousand Island dressing. The common denominators of nearly all of the recipes are: mayonnaise, ketchup, chili sauce, lemon juice and pepper. And sometimes Worcestershire sauce. I visited half a dozen Southern websites, and yes, I found a few boring-looking-sounding versions. Mostly they were equal quantities of mayo and ketchup and a ton of finely ground black pepper. None of those appealed to me, so I kept researching. I looked in my meager Southern cookbooks (no recipes for it there). But finally, I clicked on an online search result for Deep South Dish, a blog just chock-a-block full of Southern down home recipes. And sure enough, Mary had a recipe for a much more sophisticated version she calls Mississippi Comeback Sauce. She and I had a several-day email conversation about it and I promised to let her know once I made it. She also said it was fine if I put her sauce up here on my blog.

Assuming you enjoy reading all of this kind of extraneous trivia I bring you on this-here blog, you’ll need to humor me now as I explain a bit about the history of this sauce. It’s Mississippi born and bred. There is no wikipedia entry for it (at least not yet – Mary, you ought to start one!). I found an article written in the Clarion Ledger (the daily newspaper in Jackson, MS) back in 2001 which documents (sort-of) what they know about the sauce. It seems that it originated in a Greek restaurant called The Rotisserie in Jackson, Miss. a long time ago. It’s mentioned in newspaper archives back in the 1920’s and 30’s. But the sauce came into its own at The Rotisserie, and within a few years all of the other Greek restaurants in Jackson also had it on their menus too, or at least it was served in all of these other restaurants. Originally it started as a salad dressing. As time went by the restaurants began using it as a universal sauce – a dip for fries, a condiment to be served with onion rings or fried mushrooms, a dip for crudités. Eventually the sauce spawned to other non-Greek restaurants and it even became a side dipping sauce for french fried dill pickles. According to Mary, the sauce can be used on EVERYTHING. Sure, it can be a salad dressing if you enjoy the thousand island variety. I might use less of the ketchup if I were using it for salad dressing.

So, the other day I just had a craving for a BLT. Rarely does that kind of food craving take over – not that I don’t like BLTs, I do, but I try not to eat much bread if I can help it. We won’t talk about the fat in the bacon, or the mayo! Just the bread! In this case I just couldn’t help it. My DH made a trip to a little local bakery that makes lovely, thin-sliced soft white bread. While he was gone I decided to whip up the Mississippi Comeback Sauce according to Mary’s recipe. I used it to slather on the bread, and made the sandwiches with gorgeous heirloom tomato slices, Trader Joe’s thick-sliced bacon and some lovely purple-green-leaf lettuce. Here’s the photo:

BLT_with_comeback_sauceThe dark/black part in the photo at right is the purple lettuce. Under that the tomato, and the bacon on the bottom. You can barely see the Comeback Sauce slathered on the top and bottom slices of bread. But it’s there. And it was delicious. I should have toasted the bread. Just plain forgot!

Mary suggests it on a fried bologna sandwich, as a dip for fried green tomatoes, fried oysters, boiled shrimp or fried shrimp. None of those things are regulars on my dinner menus. Well, maybe some kind of shrimp, but not fried. There’s a restaurant here in our local area called Nieuport 17 that serves a luncheon dish – I think they called it Open Faced Shrimp and Avocado Sandwich. It’s a thin slice of bread, slathered with remoulade, topped with big halved shrimp slices, thin slices of avocado and a little bowl of remoulade on the side and a lemon slice to squeeze over the top. I’ve not been there for years for lunch (it used to be a great place to take customers) but I’ve been a fan of that sauce for years anyway. Now, the switch to Comeback Sauce should be an easy transition. Thanks, Mary!

What I liked: how easy it is to make; it’s really tasty. Yes, it’s a bit peppery, but not overly so. It’s tangy and tart at the same time. I can see it being a great drizzle on top of summer sliced tomatoes.

What I didn’t like: nothing at all.

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Mississippi Comeback Sauce

Recipe By: Mary at Deep South Dish blog

1/4 cup olive oil
1/4 cup chili sauce — bottled
1/4 cup ketchup
1 teaspoon spicy mustard — (Creole mustard)
1 cup mayonnaise
8+ turns of the pepper mill, or more if desired
2 dashes hot sauce
1/4 teaspoon Cajun seasoning
1/2 teaspoon onion powder
1/2 teaspoon garlic powder
2 tablespoons fresh lemon juice — (or more if desired)

1. Combine all ingredients in blender and process until smooth.
2. Pour into a refrigerator jar or lidded container and store in refrigerator.

Posted in Travel, on October 26th, 2011.

garden_pond

While we were in Maine, we spent a half day at a beautiful gardens, the Coastal Maine Botanical Gardens located just out of Boothbay. It’s a really spectacular setting with lovely walking trails clear to the water’s edge (down a couple hundred feet in elevation), and even though we visited it at the cusp of winter, it was still beautiful.

botanical_garden_collage1

botanical_garden_collage2

our_group

There’s a photo of our group of friends. Jackie (far left) and Don (far right) are good friends from here in
California, where we live. We found out they were going to be in Maine at the same time, so we agreed to meet at the Gardens for lunch and a walk through it. In the middle are Lynn and Sue, from Denver way now (used to live here, but they moved last year and we visited them in June). They were with us for 2-3 days of our trip. My DH, Dave is 2nd from left, and Dinny, our dear friend from England, is 2nd from the right.

trees_orange

house_red_shrubs

Oh, and last but not least, here was a really lovely home with some red foliage out front. That was taken near East Boothbay.

Posted in Vegetarian, Veggies/sides, on October 25th, 2011.

indian_eggplant_salad

Lately I’ve been on a roll making Aarti Sequeira’s recipes from the Food Network. On this particular show she made a vegetarian meal (a fruit salad, a lentil and rice dish [the main course] and this eggplant salad). They all sounded delicious. I had a beautiful eggplant in my refrigerator which needed to be used (given to me by a friend, Roberta, from her garden). With just one relatively small (globe type) eggplant, I knew it was going to need some additions to make it stretch to serve more than just the two of us. We’d invited a friend over for dinner, so I needed enough to serve 3. That’s just about how much this made, half of the below recipe. Maybe it could stretch to serve 4, but that would be it. The regular recipe would serve at least 6. In the Indian language this dish is called Baingan Bharta. I’ll never remember that – that’s why it’s just “Indian Eggplant Salad.”

This recipe has a significant amount of onion in it. And it’s mixed up at the end with Greek yogurt. And oh gosh, is it ever fantastic. The sweetness that comes from long, slow cooking of the onion, the eggplant, which is roasted in a 500° oven for about 45 minutes, and a few Indian spices. I can already tell you I’m going to be very unhappy when the little bowl of this is gone. I scraped the big frying pan clean with my finger to get the last little bit of residual eggplant.

The onions are cooked in peanut oil until they’re really golden brown. Not burned – watch that carefully – but nicely golden in color. Then you add in the roasted, peeled and cubed eggplant. Add in the spices last (garlic, turmeric, ground cumin, fresh cilantro, salt and pepper – – and if you can handle the heat, add in a serrano or jalapeno pepper).  It’s cooked very briefly, then you add the Greek yogurt (I used Fage non-fat – make sure you DO use Greek yogurt – it’s strained and quite thick – regular yogurt would make this dish far too thin) and it’s finished. You can serve it while it’s warm, or cool to room temp. It has the consistency of Greek yogurt (obviously) but the eggplant is very soft, and so are the onions.

What I like about it: the textures – soft (the eggplant, onions and yogurt), sweet (the onions), spicy (turmeric and cumin) all in one bite. It’s easy to make too, although it does take more than an hour to bake and prepare everything. Next time I’ll be making a double batch. It’s that good.

What I didn’t like: not a single thing. You do need to like soft food, though. Because the eggplant is thoroughly roasted, it’s almost a mush, but not quite. There isn’t anything chewy or crunchy here. A lovely side dish to serve with something more substantial. I served it with Tandoori chicken and Aarti’s lentil-rice dish you’ll read about in a day or two.

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Eggplant Salad (Indian Style)

Recipe By: Aarti Sequeira, Food Network
Serving Size: 6

2 large eggplants
2 tablespoons peanut oil — plus more for eggplant
1 medium white onion — finely diced
4 cloves garlic — minced
1 small serrano pepper — seeded (if you wish less heat) and minced (optional)
1/4 cup fresh cilantro — minced, both leaves and stems, plus more for garnish
1/4 teaspoon ground turmeric
1/4 teaspoon ground cumin — plus more for sprinkling
Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper
2 cups fat-free Greek yogurt — beaten until smooth

1. Preheat the oven to 500° F.
2. Line a baking sheet with foil. Make 3 slashes in each eggplant, from top to tail, equally distanced around the eggplant. Rub the eggplants with a little peanut oil. Sit them on the baking sheet and roast until soft all the way to the center and the skin is brown, about 45 minutes, rotating the pan and flipping the eggplants halfway through. Remove from the oven and cool.
3. Once cool, skin the eggplant. Chop the flesh until it’s relatively smooth but not mushy.
4. In a large skillet, warm the peanut oil over medium-high heat. Once the oil is shimmering, add the onion and saute until it turns golden brown. Add the eggplant flesh, garlic, chile and cilantro leaves. Cook 2 minutes. Add a splash of water if it begins to stick.
5. Add the turmeric, cumin, and 2 teaspoons of salt. Stir and cook another 5 minutes.
6. Turn off the heat. Add the yogurt and stir to combine. Taste for seasoning, and garnish with cilantro leaves and a sprinkle of ground cumin. Serve either warm or slightly chilled.
Per Serving: 91 Calories; 5g Fat (44.4% calories from fat); 2g Protein; 12g Carbohydrate; 4g Dietary Fiber; 0mg Cholesterol; 6mg Sodium.

Posted in Pork, Soups, on October 23rd, 2011.

pork_sausage_soup_cabbage

What better way to use leftover pork chop meat than in a soul-warming soup with onion, carrots, celery, garlic, ginger, lemon grass, some Italian sausage, flavorful broth and garnished with fresh, crispy raw radish slivers and cilantro. And laded onto a nice piece of bread (underneath the soup). Yum!

Do you despair sometimes with what to do with leftovers? I certainly do. And pork roast is right on the top of my list. My choice is always to have just enough pork roast or chops for that one meal. But, alas, I don’t always plan quite that well, and I suspect you probably don’t, either. In this case I had a big pile of pork chop meat – it was beautifully tender and still pink inside. We’d already had the actual pork chops for a company meal, then two more evenings I’d reheated them. So I was fed up with having that kind of preparation. What to do?

leftover_pork_chop_meatWell, I went to Eat Your Books and searched through my own cookbooks to see what kind of recipes I could find. I didn’t want to continue to cook the meat – it was premium quality meat, tasty and juicy. See in the photo how nice and pink the meat is – perfectly tender. You don’t want to cook it hardly at all! So I needed some quick – flash – prep. Soup. That was it. I’d make soup. I read through all of the pork soup recipes I could find. Nothing quite seemed to fit. Parts of one and ingredients from another, an idea began forming of a mélange of flavors. Yes, I had a little bit of Italian sausage in the freezer too. Dave went to the market and got some fresh Napa cabbage and some radishes. And I made a delicious soup. Perfectly rounded out with flavor from the sausage, the cabbage, the onions, celery and carrots. I added in one of my favorite Penzey’s products, their soup bases  (both pork and chicken), some sugar snap peas as well. I cut the pork chop meat into little slivers (see photo) and just barely heated it in the hot soup then poured it over a piece of toast in the bottom of each bowl and garnished with the radishes and cilantro. Delicious!

What I liked: it’s a low-calorie soup, for one. Delicious flavor too. And I now have a fantastic recipe for using leftover pork (roast or chops) that will become a regular part of my menus. The textures are great (with the raw radishes sprinkled on top) too. Other than the fat in the meat itself, the only other added fat were the 2 T. of oil to sauté the onions and celery.

What I didn’t like: gosh, nothing, really. If I had Texas toast, that would have been nice – what I had was tender white bread, so I put one slice cut in half and double stacked. Or a nice thick piece of French bread would probably be ideal (that’s what I put in the recipe ingredients below).

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Pork and Sausage Soup with Cabbage (or Leftover Pork Chop Soup)

Recipe By: My own concoction
Serving Size: 7
NOTES: This recipe got started because I had about 10-12 ounces of delicious leftover meat I’d cut off of some thick pork chops. And I didn’t know what to do with it. I looked up several recipes for pork soup (mostly Asian in origin) and finally settled on a kind of melange of flavors with Italian sausage added.

2 tablespoons canola oil — or grapeseed oil
1 large onion — diced
5 cloves garlic — minced
2 stalks celery — diced
8 cups water — or chicken broth
1 teaspoon pork soup base
1 teaspoon chicken soup base
1 tablespoon ginger garlic paste — (bottled)
1 teaspoon lemon grass paste — (from a tube)
2 large carrots — peeled, diced
8 ounces Italian sausage — mashed in small pieces
1 cup sugar snap peas — chopped
1 pound Napa cabbage — finely sliced
8 ounces boneless pork center rib — (leftover pork chops)
4 slices French bread slices — toasted
GARNISHES:
5 whole radishes — sliced in tiny julienne
1 cup cilantro — chopped

1. In a large Dutch oven heat the canola oil. Meanwhile, chop up the onion and celery. Add to pan and saute gently for about 5-6 minutes, until onion is limp. Add garlic and continue cooking for about 2 minutes. Do not burn the garlic.
2. Add water, soup bases, ginger garlic paste and lemon grass paste. Bring to a boil and simmer for about 15 minutes.
3. Add carrots and Italian sausage and continue to simmer for another 5 minutes or until carrots are just barely cooked through.
4. Add sugar snap peas and cabbage. Stir to get all the vegetables below the surface. Add more water if needed. Simmer for about 3-4 minutes. Then add the leftover pork meat and simmer just until the mixture is heated through. Do not cook any longer or the pork will get tough.
5. Meanwhile, prepare the garnishes and set aside. Toast the bread, place in the bottom of soup bowls and ladle about 2 cups of the soup over the top. Garnish with radishes and cilantro. Season with salt and pepper if desired (it wasn’t necessary for me).
Per Serving: 299 Calories; 19g Fat (56.4% calories from fat); 14g Protein; 18g Carbohydrate; 3g Dietary Fiber; 42mg Cholesterol; 551mg Sodium.

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